Morris Dancing: Classic or Dud

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what do you think of Morris Dancing? Not being English myself, I see it as exciting and exotic.

I saw some at the Dun Laoighaire Festival of World Culture over the weekend. They were doing Morris dancing from the Welsh-English border. It had some unusual features to other Morris I've seen - women were allowed dance, they didn't have a bloke dressed up as a woman, and they had this person in a bull suit who didn't really do anything except hang around in a friendly/menacing manner at the edge of the performance area.

And they wore blackface. Or rather, their faces were blackened but not in a Black&WhiteMinstrels kind of way. The Pinefox asked them about this, and they said it was an old tradition dating back to when Morris dancers had to disguise themselves (during the Anti-Morris Purge of the 1680s).

but anyway, what do you think of this fascinating folk art?

― DV (dirtyvicar), Wednesday, 27 August 2003 15:34 (twenty-two years ago)

is it true that Morris Dancing is meant to be from North Africa, Morris being a truncation of Moorish?

― DV (dirtyvicar), Wednesday, 27 August 2003 18:38 (twenty-two years ago)

and are morris dancing groups really called mobs? surely someone on ilx has secret morris dancing knowledge, there's no shame.

― angela (angela), Thursday, 28 August 2003 07:08 (twenty-two years ago)

Where Morris dancers drink = CAMRA central = Dud. Also, I think there's something weird going on about the evocation of Merrie England that I can't quite tease out = Morris dancers are proto-fascists = Dud

― Dave B (daveb), Thursday, 28 August 2003 07:59 (twenty-two years ago)

Speaking as someone who once witnessed a drunken brawl between two rival groups of Morris men, I can wholeheartedly say... DUD.

― Matt DC (Matt DC), Thursday, 28 August 2003 08:00 (twenty-two years ago)

http://members.aol.com/hartleymen/HartleyHart.gif

― mark s (mark s), Thursday, 28 August 2003 08:04 (twenty-two years ago)

Where Morris dancers drink = CAMRA central = Dud.

BUT CAMRA = real ale = TOTAL CLASSIC

therefore Morris Dancing RoXoR.

a friend had the idea for marrying Morris dancing to techno beats and calling it Urban Morris.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Thursday, 28 August 2003 08:06 (twenty-two years ago)

BUT CAMRA = real ale = TOTAL CLASSIC

That be fighting talk round these 'ere parts, sonny.

― Matt DC (Matt DC), Thursday, 28 August 2003 08:07 (twenty-two years ago)

Real ale is a good thing obv, CAMRA and CAMRA favoured pubs, not nec.

― Ricardo (RickyT), Thursday, 28 August 2003 08:19 (twenty-two years ago)

morris dancing:
http://onestientertainment.com/pages/funk-morrisday1.jpg

― chaki (chaki), Thursday, 28 August 2003 08:57 (twenty-two years ago)

Also, I think there's something weird going on about the evocation of Merrie England that I can't quite tease out = Morris dancers are proto-fascists = Dud

Morris Dancing does say something interesting about English culture. In Ireland, traditional culture is seen as fundamentally a good thing, either in and of itself or because it is a handy way to coin money off tourists. English people, in contrast, seem a lot more uncomfortable about folkish reminders of their past.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Thursday, 28 August 2003 11:10 (twenty-two years ago)

In Ireland, traditional culture is seen as fundamentally a good thing,

I think you mean "a hideous embarrassment that does keep the economy ticking over"

― Andrew Farrell (afarrell), Thursday, 28 August 2003 11:13 (twenty-two years ago)

folkish reminders of "our past" = stuff made up in the 1820s when it was already too late

― mark s (mark s), Thursday, 28 August 2003 11:23 (twenty-two years ago)

Druids to thread!

― Ricardo (RickyT), Thursday, 28 August 2003 11:27 (twenty-two years ago)

a friend had the idea for marrying Morris dancing to techno beats and calling it Urban Morris.

What about that "fol-da-rol" song a few months back? Lemon Jelly or someone? Cunts, regardless.

― Mark C (Mark C), Thursday, 28 August 2003 11:46 (twenty-two years ago)

obviously.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Thursday, 28 August 2003 12:31 (twenty-two years ago)

The Dickens Inn, Canterbury to thread. It claims to be the real actual house where David Copperfield stayed, and promotes itself by sending a bloke round time driving in a 1940s Corporal Jones-type van with 'Dickens Inn' on the side. It doesn't matter that said vehicle is about as Dickensian as my arse because EVERYTHING OLD COUNTS, doesn't it?

― Matt DC (Matt DC), Thursday, 28 August 2003 12:38 (twenty-two years ago)

DV - Did they have blue ribbbony /shoddy jackets on? If so they were probably Shropshire Bedlam.

You see I have the secret knowledge and know far more about it all than I would like to admit.
For your amusement (and to my shame) the predominnt types of morris are:
Cotswold: Namby pamy hanky waving stuff done by southeners in soft shoes.
Sword: Either long sword or rapper. Mainly from Derby area I think. Slightly more macho as it involve waving swords around and eventually weaving them all into a interlocked thingy.
North West: Clogs and bells, lot of shouting and sweating. Incidentally there are only two clog makers still going and from looking at a pair I could probably tell you who made them!
Border - probably what CV saw, Men with big sticks hitting the ground and each others stick whilst going raaaaa!

More recent developments are the biker morris team from essex (as seen in the Calendar Girls film).
Probably most exciting are a bunch who appear unnanounced at festivals, in a cloud of smoke. Wearing foxhead masks they do their bit using flaming sticks and finish off with some pyrotechnics and another smoke bomb and then all dissapear.

Even knowing all that and after years of exposure - I still can't fathom why you'd want to spend your time doing it.
A total Dud.

― Simeon (Simeon), Thursday, 28 August 2003 12:44 (twenty-two years ago)

I have wanted to try and track these guys down for some time. And then kill them.

― Matt DC (Matt DC), Thursday, 28 August 2003 12:46 (twenty-two years ago)

Rappers waving swords? Wu-Tang secret morris dancing shame shockah!

― Mark C (Mark C), Thursday, 28 August 2003 12:49 (twenty-two years ago)

ilxor delivers the goods AGAIN!!

simeon i kiss u ect

― mark s (mark s), Thursday, 28 August 2003 13:03 (twenty-two years ago)

I want some of those clogs.

― PJ Miller (PJ Miller), Thursday, 28 August 2003 13:09 (twenty-two years ago)

I think you mean "a hideous embarrassment that does keep the economy ticking over"

many Irish people do actually like our traditional music, even if you don't. That's what I meant. In England it's only weirdos that like traditional things.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Thursday, 28 August 2003 13:53 (twenty-two years ago)

Contrariwise, many Irish people don't actually like our traditional music, even if you do. But your point is taken.

― Andrew Farrell (afarrell), Thursday, 28 August 2003 13:58 (twenty-two years ago)

(apart from The Royal Family = a traditional thing, and see also CAMRA)

― Andrew Farrell (afarrell), Thursday, 28 August 2003 13:59 (twenty-two years ago)

I love real ale, but I used to work in a CAMRA recommended pub (best pint in Bristol, I think they reckoned), and most of those who were clearly CAMRA people (because I overheard them or they had insignia) were cunts drinking sherry.

But they weren't as bad as morris dancers, who belong down in the 236843265th circle of hell, shared with mimes.

― Martin Skidmore (Martin Skidmore), Thursday, 28 August 2003 19:10 (twenty-two years ago)

There's a group of Morris dancers in San Francisco who perform with bells attached to temporary piercings. They wear t-shirts that say on the back "Yes, it hurts!"

― Layna Andersen (Layna Andersen), Thursday, 28 August 2003 21:27 (twenty-two years ago)

Contrariwise, many Irish people don't actually like our traditional music, even if you do.

you're the one who has paid money for Christy Moore records.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Friday, 29 August 2003 08:07 (twenty-two years ago)

folkish reminders of "our past" = stuff made up in the 1820s when it was already too late

this is a rockist argument.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Friday, 29 August 2003 08:07 (twenty-two years ago)

Trad culture is a good thing here cos people can't go 1 year or one wage increase without frantically checking they haven't lose their common touch or we as a society haven't become Americanised or the celtic tiger hasn't stolen our ability to say hello to the postman.

― Ronan (Ronan), Friday, 29 August 2003 08:11 (twenty-two years ago)

no it isn't really, it's how fashions work:
irish past = v.v. ancient and ppl still like it
english past = made up quite recently = now feels dated and ppl don't like it

― mark s (mark s), Friday, 29 August 2003 08:13 (twenty-two years ago)

is the "celtic tiger" a genuine meme? it is my favorite ever

― mark s (mark s), Friday, 29 August 2003 08:13 (twenty-two years ago)

my punctuation harks back to olden times though.

Mark, completely. I don't know if it's just me but it seemed to get wheeled out as a throwaway thing to blame for anything and everything, like someone is assaulted on the street and on radio phone ins "yeah it's just new Ireland nowadays, the Celtic Tiger, everyone looking out for themselves".

There was also a song in the top 30 by these bogmen singing about how noone had seen the celtic tiger in county clare, and "they thought they heard a roar down by inishmore" or something. They were a jolly bunch of rogues all the same.

― Ronan (Ronan), Friday, 29 August 2003 08:17 (twenty-two years ago)

irish past = v.v. ancient and ppl still like it

the first part - not as true as you think. Celtic Irish culture was largely remanufactured during the Celtic Revival having been largely eliminated by MORRIS DANCING BRIT BASTARDS.

the people still liking it - well that's the point really. why do Irish people (or some of them) still broadly like the possibly imagined culture of their past, while English people are so uncomfortable with it.

I mean, you know when on National Geographic style programmes they go to some foreign country where people are turning their back on folkish culture in favour of Westlife, it always seems like something terrible is being lost. yet it's somehow alright for whitey to abandon his folkish culture.

is this a form of racism? that quaint traditional culture is seen as a good thing for downtrodden Irish people and ethnic third worlders, but certainly not for we English people?

[I'm broadening the debate here somewhat into a "World Music (or the assumptions behind it) - classic or dud" kind of thing]

― DV (dirtyvicar), Friday, 29 August 2003 08:54 (twenty-two years ago)

I'm quite comfortable with the past, it's the present I'm worried about. Is it really all made up? I thought it all revolved around the Green Man and all that pagan heaviness.

― PJ Miller (PJ Miller), Friday, 29 August 2003 09:14 (twenty-two years ago)

the squire: my family has ruled this valley since the TIME OF THE NORMANS!!
the blacksmith: i know, my family watched you arrive and unpack

maybe a good imperialist is always a fashion victim?

― mark s (mark s), Friday, 29 August 2003 09:15 (twenty-two years ago)

ronan is otm about "celtic tiger" being a meme in ireland. every media source in the country uses it ALL THE TIME. i've just searched the irish times archive for it and the first result to come back is an article from june 2000 in which the writer is exhorting people to stop using it. fat lot of use that did.

― angela (angela), Friday, 29 August 2003 09:23 (twenty-two years ago)

ok you guys all have to wear T-shirts which say

THE CELTIC TIGER IS IN SPACE

that wd plz me tremendously (haha but i'm not going to say why)

― mark s (mark s), Friday, 29 August 2003 09:25 (twenty-two years ago)

wasn't it originally about malaysian shipping industries or something?

― Ronan (Ronan), Friday, 29 August 2003 09:29 (twenty-two years ago)

The Asian Tiger Economies, yes. On what is commonly known as the Pacific Rim.

― Ricardo (RickyT), Friday, 29 August 2003 09:35 (twenty-two years ago)

IRISH RIM THE CELTIC TIGER

(i kill me)

― mark s (mark s), Friday, 29 August 2003 09:41 (twenty-two years ago)

mark s is that available for rental?

― Layna Andersen (Layna Andersen), Friday, 29 August 2003 18:15 (twenty-two years ago)

odd that this thread has got so far discussing differences between England and Ireland and their relationship with folkish past (something that's always fascinated me; family lines and all that) without the words INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION being mentioned (apart from obliquely by Mark S), because that is surely the key dividing line. this is a good piece: http://www.mustrad.org.uk/articles/england.htm

― robin carmody (robin carmody), Saturday, 30 August 2003 04:29 (twenty-two years ago)

I can't believe I'd been skipping this thread because I thought it was about some guy named Morris Dancing who I'd never heard of.

(Not that I have anything to contribute now that I know what it's actually about, except to ask mark s why the 1820s specifically? It caught my eye because if you added a hundred years, you pretty much have a good corollary to Robert Wiebe's description of American history.)

― Tep (ktepi), Saturday, 30 August 2003 04:34 (twenty-two years ago)

scottish revivalists of the 19th century to thread! there was a big revival of interest in british folk culture t/o the 19th and early 20th centuries. this is much prior to the celebrated folk revivals of the recent past. it was the threat of the industrial age that prompted a revisiting of a vanishing culture, but also waves of regionalisms/nationialisms that prompted an attempt to revive/conjure cultural rites that could be claimed as their own. some towns revived morris dancing celebrations that had been long dormant; other events which had survived were granted a new notoriety thanks to the publicity work of urban intellectuals and so on. the ballad scholars--cecil sharp, r.v. williams, etc.--came at the end of this phenomenon.

― amateurist (amateurist), Saturday, 30 August 2003 06:57 (twenty-two years ago)

as for "made up" that is an oversimplification. "the invention of tradition" blah blah blah yes. but there many important rediscoveries and revivals which did indeed connect industrial age britons with aspects of their past that had fallen into disuse. it's a huge q., whether this is objectively "good" or what haveyou. people from all political points of view have found in this sort of thing vehicle and vindication.

― amateurist (amateurist), Saturday, 30 August 2003 07:00 (twenty-two years ago)

1820s is pretty rough (i cd have said 1780s-1880s), but the end of that decade is when the big political reforms finally went official in the UK — so i'm sort of arguing that this must have been a time when people were changing their minds and so on

in politics, one of the most powerful myths driving reform was that "anglo-saxon liberties" — lost under the normans — were being RESTORED, so there was an idealised looking-back caught up in that

1820s is the decade Cobbett's RURAL RIDES were being published in magazine form (they came out as a book in 1831): in them is the first sustained portrait of what the countryside is becoming after the industrial revolution (including the spectre of countless deserted villages falling into ruin as desparate people flocked to the cities to find work — one of the most notorious practices requiring reform was the fact that areas of land absolutely empty of voters) — Old Sarum famously — returned MPs to Parliament

in high art, there was the Gothic Revival (which had been kicking around in the avant garde and pop from decades) but became quite mainstream in the 1830s (among other things the Gothic Revival was a kind of alt.rock distancing from straight Classicism: no longer true that the only good past was a Greek or Roman past) : Sir Walter Scott's novels are an obvious centre, Ivanhoe etc

out of Germany mainly, a wave of philology and written-down folktales (the Brothers Grimm) goosed up academia — along with the 'Higher Criticism', which exposed eg the Bible to the new academic disciplines of archeology and inter-textual criticism

am is correct: "made up" is way over the top, but i do think that there is a manifestly different tone to the ethnic nationalist roots-forgeries of the Centre of Empire — which has to juggle multiculturally, constantly — compared to the ethnic nationalist roots-forgeries of regions of Empire which are battling to secede (and i also think there's quite likely to be a different attitude in aftertimes)

― mark s (mark s), Saturday, 30 August 2003 09:36 (twenty-two years ago)

I figured "made up" wasn't meant to be taken as a literal ground-up creation. Okay, cool. I've just emailed myself a few of these posts, because I want to read up and see if this would match up to Wiebe at all (Wiebe is one of the only things that made a mark on me when my program tried to press American history on me, so he's a theorist I still have an interest in). This actually does sound a lot like his organizational hypothesis.

― Tep (ktepi), Saturday, 30 August 2003 15:29 (twenty-two years ago)

"Celtic Tiger" is at least a decade old. I am genuinely surprised the phrase isn't regarded as moth-eaten rather than ravenously startling. I don't mean that The Celtic Tiger isn't real. It is, on the whole.

Five and a half years ago Terry Eagleton said 'The Celtic Tiger is a 26-county animal', which sounded cool but did not on reflection make much sense as an image.

I will use this space to note again, this time in public, the neatness of the Vicar's description of the Bull as 'friendly / menacing'. I think this covers all bull-based bases marvellously, though he might, just to be on the safe side, have added 'indifferent'.

― an pinetiger, Saturday, 30 August 2003 20:37 (twenty-two years ago)

Are you sure it's a decade old Pinetiger? It's credited to George Lee over here, he's the economist who tends to talk to the press.

― Ronan (Ronan), Saturday, 30 August 2003 20:40 (twenty-two years ago)

to mark: sorry if i sounded pedantic in accusing you of overstatement. i got the gist of what you were saying and agree.

― amateurist (amateurist), Saturday, 30 August 2003 21:13 (twenty-two years ago)

four months pass...

the morris dancers in the "safety dance" video were cool.

― Eisbär (llamasfur), Wednesday, 31 December 2003 23:29 (twenty-two years ago)

what?

― Eisbär (llamasfur), Wednesday, 31 December 2003 23:29 (twenty-two years ago)

seven months pass...

I'll soon be going to this year's World Culture festival. But sadly I think there will be no Morris dancers to be seen at it.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Thursday, 19 August 2004 15:44 (twenty-one years ago)

http://www.rosiets.co.uk/dbjpgs/db204tn.jpg

― tokyo rosemary (rosemary), Friday, 20 August 2004 03:34 (twenty-one years ago)

My Dad and many of his family were morris dancers, from Northamptonshire and the Headington area of Oxford. I think morris dancing is great. I like the noisy dances best, with clogs and big sticks. I also like the sword weaving stuff. I used to love listening to a crackly tape recording of William Kimber when I was little - I think my Uncle Gil knew him - and I like the sound of the music. And I don't give a stuff what any of you say.
ps. women morris dancers are not unusual.

― Madchen (Madchen), Friday, 20 August 2004 11:51 (twenty-one years ago)

The morris dancing in my family has nothing to do with CAMRA and everything to do with where they came from. Morris dancing is to many railway villages what brass bands were to many colliery towns.

― Madchen (Madchen), Friday, 20 August 2004 11:53 (twenty-one years ago)

'Morris dancing was'

Anyway, ner.

― Madchen (Madchen), Friday, 20 August 2004 11:54 (twenty-one years ago)

I am sorry to miss the WORLD CULTURE FESTIVAL this year. It was ace, last year, except for the odd hip-hop act.

― the finefox, Friday, 20 August 2004 15:45 (twenty-one years ago)

did you ever do any Morris dancing, Madchen?

― DV (dirtyvicar), Friday, 20 August 2004 15:47 (twenty-one years ago)

ten months pass...

Some of us are still awaiting a reply Madchen?

― stevo (stevo), Thursday, 14 July 2005 06:00 (twenty years ago)

I long to become a handkerchief wielder, repository of the arcane knowledge and secret code language that the fluttering rag surely embodies

― Menelaus Darcy (Menelaus Darcy), Thursday, 14 July 2005 08:09 (twenty years ago)

i feel abt morris dancers the way many people feel about clowns.

― N_RQ, Thursday, 14 July 2005 08:18 (twenty years ago)

do you reckon that non-English people are fonder of Morris than the English?

― DV (dirtyvicar), Thursday, 14 July 2005 09:22 (twenty years ago)

I used to be a morris dancer. Between the ages of about 12 and 16, I was a member of Saddleworth Morris Men. We did the clogs-and-stick, northern style dancing, and had to buy fresh flowers for our hats before each public performance. I was unusually young, mostly the team were adults. And we'd go away for weekend trips to various festivals around the country, and I'd invariably get COMPLETELY HAMMERED for two whole days. As such, it a) taught me to drink, and b) taught me how much was too much. And was therefore a complete CLASSIC.

Oh look, they've got a website these days:

http://www.morrismen.saddleworth.org.uk/

― JimD (JimD), Thursday, 14 July 2005 09:27 (twenty years ago)

well, it's funny that the world's first predominantly urban and industrial nation should latch on to the weirdest and least 'reflective' traditions to maintain. i don't get it, anyway. (and there speaks a child of protestant east anglia, i guess!)

xpost

― N_RQ, Thursday, 14 July 2005 09:33 (twenty years ago)

I don't get it either, nor the fact my s.o.'s Austrian female friend - early 30's, single-mum, translator, lives in Utrecht - turns out to be an enthusiastic Morris Dancer herself.

― stevo (stevo), Thursday, 14 July 2005 09:37 (twenty years ago)

it *is* a bit like the whole lederhosen thing...

― N_RQ, Thursday, 14 July 2005 09:42 (twenty years ago)

four months pass...

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v31/hugoagogo/borris2.jpg

(Thank you, god.)

― Lady Totteringby-Gently (kate), Monday, 14 November 2005 18:38 (twenty years ago)

HOW HAS THIS NOT BEEN POSTED

― Jdubz (ex machina), Monday, 14 November 2005 19:27 (twenty years ago)

six months pass...

After seeing John and Jon playing lots of Morris Dancing tunes, Frances and I have decided to go and seek out some proper Morris Dancing. Apparently there is a festival in Essex where they do scary, spooky dances where they all wear HORNS and pretend to kill each other. Sounds very pagan and cool, even if it was made up in the 19th Century.

(Yes, I am finding friends that share my SECRET FOLK SHAME, heh heh. I'm going to have to find a code word for this, like FP has for his... errr... "hobby".)

― The Minimal Criminal (kate), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 10:16 (nineteen years ago)

See if you can find the morris dancers where one of them dresses up as giant wooden bull.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:14 (nineteen years ago)

Yeah the horns and stuff does sound a bit cooler than the men with nice flowery hats we saw in Brighton that time...

― Archel (Archel), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:18 (nineteen years ago)

(I liked the men with the nice flowery hats, though! Especially when one of them gave us flowers!)

― The Minimal Criminal (kate), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:21 (nineteen years ago)

http://www.artshole.co.uk/arts/artists/Jennifer%20Hartshorne/May-Day-Morning-Morris-Men-.jpg

― NickB (NickB), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:24 (nineteen years ago)

http://www.artshole.co.uk/arts/artists/Jennifer%20Hartshorne/1May-Day-Morning-Morris-Men.jpg

― NickB (NickB), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:25 (nineteen years ago)

Dragons! Beasts! Excellent!!!

OK, I think one of the reasons that I like Morris Dancing is because it's hard, blokey dancing with violence and sticks - but it also has stupid costumes and flowers and beasts and twinkling bells and all kinds of girly dancing stuff.

― The Minimal Criminal (kate), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:29 (nineteen years ago)

Don't forget the hankies!

http://www.quality-solutions.co.uk/crmm/a004.jpg

― NickB (NickB), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:30 (nineteen years ago)

Do you think it's bad morris dancing etiquette to blow your nose on your dancing hanky? Probably.

― Archel (Archel), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:37 (nineteen years ago)

The hankies are a bit geay, but I like the ones who hit sticks off each other.

― DV (dirtyvicar), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 11:51 (nineteen years ago)

Yay morris. Tell me when you go. Did you indoctrinate francis into secret folk shame?

― Ed (dali), Wednesday, 24 May 2006 12:13 (nineteen years ago)

two years pass...

Also - nothing wrong with Morris dancing.

― weight and bulk are your enemies (Ned Trifle II), Friday, 24 April 2009 10:29 (4 minutes ago) Bookmarks

RONG

― zero learnt from nero (Neil S), Friday, 24 April 2009 10:47 (1 hour ago) Bookmark Suggest Ban Permalink
^ CONCUR

All cask strength whiskies need a bit of water; see the water spigot at the bar in countless Scottish pubs.

― suggest bánh mi (suzy), Friday, 24 April 2009 10:49 (1 hour ago) Bookmark Suggest Ban Permalink

I need back-up.

― weight and bulk are your enemies (Ned Trifle II), Friday, 24 April 2009 12:17 (sixteen years ago)

I will back you up but I still maintain that the downfall of society dates back to allowing women to not only view morris dancing but to participate.

― Prince of Persia (Ed), Friday, 24 April 2009 12:31 (sixteen years ago)

morris dancing is different from what the highland dancing that laurel does, right?

― ian, Friday, 24 April 2009 16:33 (sixteen years ago)

ten years pass...

Nice crunchy sound
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95mnlME8uzw

Prefer it when modern morris dancers get freaky with the costumes.

― Robert Adam Gilmour, Sunday, 29 March 2020 15:15 (five years ago)

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