right, so how do i teach myself music theory?

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i took an extension course at a local music school once upon a time but it was pretty disappointing. somehow i imagine really learning music theory is tantamount to learning an extremely difficult foreign language. and then there's the problem of old dogs/new tricks. i used to be able to sight read (just barely) but that was 10-15 years ago! i think whatever music theory was once in my brain has now dissipated in a swirl of alchohol and other distractions.

so how should i go about this? is there a really good starter textbook? something engaging and clearly written?

thanks in advance for everyone's help!!

amateur!!st, Wednesday, 17 November 2004 21:25 (twenty-one years ago)

Do you play an instrument? If not, get a keyboard. There are good books out there...I also used to look at a "kid's" music theory website my freshman year of college that was actually really good for scales and chords, I'll see if it's still up somewhere.

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 21:28 (twenty-one years ago)

A quick google brings up some decent looking sites.

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 21:30 (twenty-one years ago)

the best way is to get a piano or guitar. learn to play some songs by ear. get the major and minor chords and scales internalized. play around with shit until you get a few patterns drilled into your brain. the main thing is to use your ears and then reproduce what you hear and understand how it works, not in any abstract sense at first but just how you play a certain piece of music. then fuck around with it some more. the point of music is to be able to play songs and maybe even come up with some music that's worthwhile, and theory is just the, uh, handmaiden (handgent) to that....do what jazz musicians do--it works--learn a LOT OF SONGS and then learn how to play them in lots of keys.

eddie hurt (ddduncan), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 21:32 (twenty-one years ago)

When I got a guitar I spent a lot of time unconsciously soaking up harmonic theory (i.e. how chords are made and how they work with each other) so that I could get the left hand "right".

The way I picked it up, you'd think that so long as the left hand was okay, it didn't matter what the right was doing.

So if you get sucked into the beauty of harmony, I'd temper that by making sure you learn the basics of rhythm. Start with 4/4, then 2/4, then 3/4, then 5/4. Then move to the 8s. And then latin rhythm patterns: salsa, flamenco etc. And thence to glitch and jazz. If music sites don't say where the stresses go, dance sites will.

Have fun!

p.s. Good books you could use to cross-reference theory to songs you know are Revolution In The Head and Inside Classic Rock Tracks. Of course, these are dealing with songs as recordings as well as pieces of sheet music.

Acme (acme), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 21:52 (twenty-one years ago)

Ha, Acme is my opposite. I spent all my time metrically modulating and dividing quarter-note triplets into groups of 4 before I learned how to play a scale!

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 21:59 (twenty-one years ago)

dude, circle of fifths!!

hockey family (Jody Beth Rosen), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 22:05 (twenty-one years ago)

my primary purpose is not to play music but to understand how music works (in part b/c i'm interested in writing about music and film but with a greater specificy and formal understanding than is usual)... though i think (re)learning to play an instrument would be indispensable to that pursuit. and it would be nice to get back to playing piano again. i have a piano at the moment, i just need to get it tuned....

thanks for all the advice and i anticipate more!!

amateur!!st, Wednesday, 17 November 2004 22:05 (twenty-one years ago)

Having a keyboard (which is layed out MUCH more intuitively than a guitar) is U&K, because there's no use reading about theory if you can't hear what they're talking about and train your ear. Actually playing it well is besides the point.

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 22:12 (twenty-one years ago)

Don't teach yourself, go to a music school and take a lesson. You're bound to have questions: how does this relate to that? etc...You'll probably learn more in 4 or 5 lessons than you will in a few months on your own.

57 7th (calstars), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 22:12 (twenty-one years ago)

Jordan's right. Particularly if you're looking for a more formal understanding for your writing, ear training is just as important as music theory. Get that piano tuned! You need something to play on.

A keyboard is not necessarily laid out more INTUITIVELY than a guitar; it depends. (I started on guitar and played bass for 20 years, so it's intuitive to me now.) But a keyboard is laid out in such a way that it's physically easier to reach a wide range of notes.

I can'tremember the name of my old college music-theory textbook, but if there's a college near you, go to their bookstore and see what you can find.

Rick Massimo (Rick Massimo), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 23:07 (twenty-one years ago)

FWIW, most of what I know about theory I picked up on my own.

jaymc (jaymc), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 23:15 (twenty-one years ago)

I'm not a guitarist, so when I pick up a guitar I have to think a lot harder about string intervals, frets corresponding to notes, etc. With piano, that's already internalized for me and it's all just sitting out there in nice octaves.

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 23:17 (twenty-one years ago)

Btw, when I took my music theory class in college, there was some good stuff but also a lot of baroque counterpoint exercises that I didn't have the patience for at the time. The prof failed my final composition because it had 7th chords in it (I wasn't aware that it had to be in a period style).

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 23:21 (twenty-one years ago)

my primary purpose is not to play music but to understand how music works

It's good you're open to learning an instrument, because playing (and listening) are invaluable for learning theory. When I first started teaching myself theory (though I wasn't really aware I was doing this at the time), it was by learning chords on the piano; what a minor chord was, what a dim chord was, half dim, etc. This became important for me later when I realized what functions chords (and by extension, harmony) had in music I was listening to.

And saying that, once you have a decent handle on how chords are formed (and how to describe them in terms of harmony - ie, "a dim chord is a dim chord because _______"), you should start trying to notate the music you listen to. Put on a song, teach yourself to identify chords by their sound, test it at your instrument and then write out a simple chart of the song. Notice how certain chords seem to lead to each other, both in sound and in function. Notice the kind of things that tend to happen to a song in, say, a major key. Notice things that almost never happen. Notice how the instruments tend to perform pretty specific roles, and how that can help you when analyzing music.

I guess what I'm saying is that the most important part about learning theory, to me, is to teach yourself to be very perceptive with your ears, eyes and hands. (Obv, being able to read music would be extremely helpful - if not a requirement - when you start notating things, and studying other peoples' notation.)

Dominique (dleone), Wednesday, 17 November 2004 23:29 (twenty-one years ago)

I'm sort of on the same trek myself right now.

I'm using a piece of software for some ear-training exercises and for learning a bit of theory. It's called GNU Solfege: http://www.solfege.org/. I use it on Linux, but I think it also runs on Windows. Oh, and it's free ;).

Mike Salmo (salmo), Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:35 (twenty-one years ago)

i have a mac, so i can't try that out, sadly.

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:38 (twenty-one years ago)

http://images.amazon.com/images/P/0028643771.01._PIdp-schmoo2,TopRight,7,-26_PE30_SCMZZZZZZZ_.jpg

Every country has their stupid (AaronHz), Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:40 (twenty-one years ago)

oh i could never bring myself to by any of those "complete idiot" books!

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:41 (twenty-one years ago)

i once saw a "complete idiot's guide to classical music" cd for sale at best buy. it had an abridged version of the moonlight sonata.

the moonlight sonata! abridged!

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:42 (twenty-one years ago)

that's like abridging a sonnet! (er, the semantic siimlarity of "sonata" and "sonnet" cannot be coincidental, can it?!?)

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:43 (twenty-one years ago)

"siimlarity" is finnish for "similarity"

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:45 (twenty-one years ago)

Just tear off the cover if the title offends you. The info inside is as good as any.

Every country has their stupid (AaronHz), Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:45 (twenty-one years ago)

Actually, doesn't the Moonlight Sonata have an additional movement or two, with really fast & crazy stuff? Or am I thinking of a different piece?

Jordan (Jordan), Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:51 (twenty-one years ago)

yeah, the second movement. which doesn't excite me very much.

but the version on the cd if i recall was about two-three minutes long. just enough to establish the familiar melody and a very few elaborations. (not that the first movement is notably elaborate, just that if anything it relies on slow repetition to really sink in.)

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:53 (twenty-one years ago)

actually i guess that is just like cutting down the sonata to its familiar "pop" essence, which i suppose is uncontroversial enough. perhaps it was a bad example.

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 04:54 (twenty-one years ago)

The prof failed my final composition because it had 7th chords in it (I wasn't aware that it had to be in a period style).

F that, dude, seriously.

jaymc (jaymc), Thursday, 18 November 2004 05:14 (twenty-one years ago)

why? if the assignment was to write a piece in a period style and the composition wasn't written in a period style.... if the professor didn't make that explicit, then that's pretty bad, though.

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 05:16 (twenty-one years ago)

Yeah, um, I think I missed the day when she explained the assignment.

Jordan (Jordan), Thursday, 18 November 2004 05:27 (twenty-one years ago)

happens to the best of us!

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 05:50 (twenty-one years ago)

as far as music theory books are concerned, the best ones I've found have been Kostka and Payne's "Tonal Harmony" and Bernard and Saker's "Music in Theory and Practice."

There are lots of comprehensive-looking websites around, such as this one and this hipper one. I've used both on occasion to check things in a pinch and never run into trouble with them, although I haven't used either enough to really vouch for their reliability.

If you are interested in ear training, there is a very good computer program called MacGamut.

The problem with all these resources is that they are very dry, and I'm not aware of a single music theory text that's actually fun. (Maybe I'll write that book some day.) Perhaps there are some fun books about music theory in genres other than Western classical music, but I would think classical music would be most relevant to you in your work with film.

If you have any questions in your studies, feel free to write to me and ask. I teach music theory during the summer but not during the year, so I'd be glad if you'd send me questions so that I can keep my teaching skills sharp.

charlie va (charlie va), Thursday, 18 November 2004 07:03 (twenty-one years ago)

I know, I just like 7th chords.

jaymc (jaymc), Thursday, 18 November 2004 07:05 (twenty-one years ago)

what about that 'idiot's' type guide charlie? aren't those 'fun'? (I think they have a diff name here -- music theory for dummies though I can't recall seeing 'em).

(I'm not sure how much of a help learning theory would be if I wanted to learn more about post-war classical music, which I listen to a lot these days but I'd def like to, I think I still have a keyboard here)

Julio Desouza (jdesouza), Thursday, 18 November 2004 10:04 (twenty-one years ago)

Btw, when I took my music theory class in college, there was some good stuff but also a lot of baroque counterpoint exercises that I didn't have the patience for at the time. The prof failed my final composition because it had 7th chords in it (I wasn't aware that it had to be in a period style).
-- Jordan (jordan...), November 17th, 2004.

I got nailed on a parallel fifth once. Fortunately, it was only an exercise, not a final.

(And before anyone gets any bright ideas, yes, Parallel Fifth is an excellent name for a band, but it's been done.)

Rick Massimo (Rick Massimo), Thursday, 18 November 2004 15:09 (twenty-one years ago)

Knowing some things about more conventional theory would probably help you understand some stuff about things like minimalism and the various "neo-" musics, many of which use conventional techniques. It would also be good to get a sense of where modern composers are coming from. Also, I'm not sure I would be able to understand what someone like Schoenberg is getting at without knowing at least some traditional theory; for people like Ligeti or Xenakis, who are farther removed from the Romantic era, it might be different.

The tricky thing about contemporary music is that various composers are operating under such different theoretical guidelines. To study Xenakis, it would help to have a math background; if you want to learn about spectralism, you should check out Helmholtz' "On the Sensations of Tone"; and so on.

There are a couple of good general books about the nuts and bolts of contemporary music, however, such as David Cope's "Techniques of the Contemporary Composer" and Stefan Kostka's "Materials and Techniques of Twentieth Century Music." I think both books also have a primer about traditional harmony near the beginning.

I've never read "Music Theory for Dummies." Perhaps it's fun, but I wouldn't be inclined to trust anyone who assumes his or her readership consists of "dummies"!

charlie va (charlie va), Thursday, 18 November 2004 21:26 (twenty-one years ago)

I think it's such a successful brand that the title has become meaningingless at this point.

Jordan (Jordan), Thursday, 18 November 2004 21:29 (twenty-one years ago)

The tricky thing about contemporary music is that various composers are operating under such different theoretical guidelines.

otm. The only unified music theory that students learn about today is classic Western harmony and notation. Beyond that, you have lots and lots and lots of detours and personal theories (which is why it's almost always wrong to suggest anything in music is "right" or "wrong" - imo theory is best used to determine what "is" or "is not").

Dominique (dleone), Thursday, 18 November 2004 21:36 (twenty-one years ago)

(that is, from the listener/observer point of view. from a composer's point of view, theoretical "value judgments" are put into action all the time)

Dominique (dleone), Thursday, 18 November 2004 21:42 (twenty-one years ago)

somehow i imagine really learning music theory is tantamount to learning an extremely difficult foreign language

I'd say it's more like learning an advanced math. The same way mathematics can teach you to recognize a certain "type" of problem and know how to solve it, music theory is recognition of certain types of harmony, scales or whatever and what they actually "do." (I guess the most simple example is the one a lot of folks recognize... that a major chord sounds "bright" or "happy" and a minor chord is "sad" or whatever.)

I second or third whoever recommended taking a course instead of self-teaching. A lot of music theory is learned by listening critically, and it's much easier to learn with listening examples if you have a qualified instructor than if you have a CD that came in a pocket at the back of the book.

martin m. (mushrush), Thursday, 18 November 2004 21:50 (twenty-one years ago)

yeah i've always found the math/music analogue to be very convincing.

i am good at math but lazy--i'd like to imagine i'd be good at music theory too. but then there's the laziness again.

amateur!!st, Thursday, 18 November 2004 23:34 (twenty-one years ago)

yeah well I wz just listening to an LP by Bernd alois zimmermann that I got this morning - great great stuff but he develop a 'pluralistic' concept of time after being immersed in serialism for several years and all the works on this LP are from that period.

I'll check those bks out charlie.

Julio Desouza (jdesouza), Friday, 19 November 2004 00:28 (twenty-one years ago)

Think for a reviewer, it's more about ear training, so can make accurate reference as well as analysis (more the former than the latter perhaps, because some reader's always ready to freak out at the slightest reference he doesn't get. Like the Letter to the Editor, booing Frank Kogan's very lucid review of the Oxes in Voice). Usually omse courses on ear-training in Downbeat. (Doesn't hurt to read instructional books, even if you're not going to play the instrument.) A course in *school* would be good, yeah, unless you have my old Jazz Appreciation prof who talked over every record he later ear-tested us on.

don, Friday, 19 November 2004 01:08 (twenty-one years ago)

first, find a couple of partners and get into a circle of fifths

gabbneb (gabbneb), Friday, 19 November 2004 01:09 (twenty-one years ago)

Ear-training courses in Downbeat? You don't mean the blindfold test shit, do you?

Jordan (Jordan), Friday, 19 November 2004 01:28 (twenty-one years ago)

some of the blindfold test in old issues of downbeat are astonishing.

amateur!!st, Friday, 19 November 2004 02:57 (twenty-one years ago)

Er well the ad I was thinking about (no idea how good it is) is for *The Perfect Pitch Ear Training Super Method SuperCourse by David Lucas Burge. Been around since '82 or so, and they usually have two-ful-page ads like this. The coupon says:"I must notice *immediate* and *dramatic* advancements in 1) my ear, 2)my playing & singing, and 3)my enjoyment (I like that part)---or I'll return the course for a full prompt refund *no questions asked.* " and so on and on (see their perfectpitch.com) Plus even if you return it get to keep one of the CDs, on Relative Pitch (h'mm?) It's expensive, but I be thinkin' I'll do it sometime (or other). Blindfold tests might be good, get one of your friends to bind you and test you. Don Byron's got a good one in there this month; he guesses most of 'em, and has very entertaining comments (but it's all *clarinet*, which he complains about, as well he might; just clarinetism's net all over the place!)

don, Friday, 19 November 2004 03:47 (twenty-one years ago)

I saw a book on Ear Training that was blurbed by both Randy Newman and Richard Carpenter. Don't laugh. One of the main ideas was that when trying to figure out a piece of music, you should NOT go to your instrument right away, because it becomes a crutch. Instead you should leave it in the other room and try to write whatever it is down and sing it yourself first. Not necessarily in that order, or only that order. Repeat when necessary. When you've tried your best, then you can go and plunk it out.

Ken L (Ken L), Friday, 19 November 2004 03:54 (twenty-one years ago)

i imagine this is sort of like learning "how to write well," each person will benefit from a different approach.

amateur!!st, Friday, 19 November 2004 04:01 (twenty-one years ago)

Yeah, that's annoying when they try to "tailor" the blindfold selections to the interviewee. The Wire does it all the time too. I'd rather read Byron's takes on, I dunno, Errol Garner or something. Is Downbeat actually any good these days? I haven't picked up an issue in forever. I should check it out again.

3)my enjoyment (I like that part)

damn straight. I can't claim to know hardcore theory or anything but I'm real glad I took the time to learn an instrument. it does open up whole new vistas as a listener when you actually know a little about what the heck is going on structurally.

Stormy Davis (diamond), Friday, 19 November 2004 04:01 (twenty-one years ago)

the amazing thing about those older downbeat blindfold tests (and perhaps the newer ones as well; i haven't looked at that magazine in ages) is how precisely the musicians can tell who's playing on every record. like: the bassist, the trumpeter, the pianist, everything. and not just because they're already familiar with the recording in question--they can simply identify a given player's style within a few seconds.

i wish i had that ability!

amateur!!st, Friday, 19 November 2004 04:06 (twenty-one years ago)

actually i wish i could also identify things like the microphones and studio used for the recording too. "oh, that's in columbia's studio A." that would be a sweet talent.

amateur!!st, Friday, 19 November 2004 04:08 (twenty-one years ago)

well, Rudy Van Gelder's studio is generally pretty easy to identify. Damn what a great sound.

Yeah, identifying instrumentalists is a great parlor trick. I try to do it all the time when I listen to jazz radio and I don't know the track. Heck, I think it's the major component of what makes the music so fun! The whole point is that every player struggles to hew their own style...

Stormy Davis (diamond), Friday, 19 November 2004 04:18 (twenty-one years ago)

It's not restricted to older musicians! I do try to do this every time I'm listening to jazz on the radio. I think my favorite thing about jazz is that it that it highlights people's personal style more than almost any other kind of music.

Jordan (Jordan), Friday, 19 November 2004 04:19 (twenty-one years ago)

um, x-post

Jordan (Jordan), Friday, 19 November 2004 04:19 (twenty-one years ago)

woah, weird x-post, but there ya go. yeah, I mean, I think jazz is just a fundamentally FUN music for all of this. I'll never get people who claim it's fusty or whatever. They're just not even trying, but whatever floats yr boat..

Stormy Davis (diamond), Friday, 19 November 2004 04:23 (twenty-one years ago)

Yeah, I sort of hit a point where I stopped being obsessed with jazz as THE music I wanted to play, and now I see it more as a fun forum for musicians to just play with one another.

Jordan (Jordan), Friday, 19 November 2004 04:28 (twenty-one years ago)

Xpost what's the name of the one blurbed by Randy Newman and Richard Carpenter? Also, I really wanna get the one Jordan mentioned on another thread, THINKING IN JAZZ: THE INFINITE ART OF IMPROVISATION, by Paul F. Berliner. Based on observation ans well as interviews (what they actually do, contrast/compare [but informed by] what they say). Downbeat's pretty good, although (a) I pay more attention to news and reviews than features, and (b)I mostly depend on promos, and don't get nearly all of those reviewed, so mostly I just read it out of curiosity and for pleasure (though some of the copy needs line-editing). Their four lead reviewers get to do something fun: Reviewer A will do his full-length review, and then there's this little box where the other three get their licks in on what he's just reviewed. He'll get his chance for revenge after Reviewers B, C, and D have each had moments in the spotlight. They can all beat up on each other, if they like, or three of 'em can gang up on the other. Although only (questioning the other guy's judgement)by implication, since it's the poor *album* that takes the direct hit, this being Downbeat, not ILM)(ILM's more exciting of course).

don, Friday, 19 November 2004 04:59 (twenty-one years ago)

HEARING AND WRITING MUSIC: PROFESSIONAL TRAINING FOR TODAY'S MUSICIAN,by Ron Gorow. There was a third blurber - Herb Alpert. It's got a dark blue cover, kind of like of a dark blue sky, with a big blue ear floating in it. Truth be told it's kind of cheesy looking, both inside and out.

Ken L (Ken L), Sunday, 21 November 2004 16:44 (twenty-one years ago)

I hove NO FUCKING IDEA why Randy Newman is meant to be especially intersting in terms of chord sequences when Leonard Cohen does the creative harmony while being pretty thing without being so horribly self-conscious about it.

Go here.

Acme (acme), Monday, 22 November 2004 00:46 (twenty-one years ago)

So you're saying he shouldn't buy the Randy Newman blurbed book, but the Leonard Cohen blurbed book instead?

Ken L (Ken L), Monday, 22 November 2004 01:33 (twenty-one years ago)

I couldn't find this until just now -- Melissa linked to it a few months ago, it seems pretty cool for teaching yourself chords and stuff: http://www.looknohands.com/chordhouse/piano/

Sanjay McDougal (jaymc), Monday, 22 November 2004 03:28 (twenty-one years ago)

Leonard Cohen's got kind of a theory song, only it's based on actual instructions to his band. It's "The Jazz Police." It's good to hear oter people sing Ran', if you wanna hear what his writing can do. Like Bonnie Raitt singing "Life Has Been Good To Me," on RANDY NEWMAN'S FAUST. Man!

don, Monday, 22 November 2004 07:01 (twenty-one years ago)

Anybody rec. a good music dictionary? Definitions tend to use other terms I have to look up, which in turn etc.

don, Saturday, 27 November 2004 06:24 (twenty-one years ago)

six months pass...
So, how did this go, Amateur!st?

Daniel_Rf (Daniel_Rf), Thursday, 9 June 2005 07:58 (twenty-one years ago)

one month passes...
So, did you ever get a keyboard or a guitar?

k/l (Ken L), Wednesday, 20 July 2005 18:41 (twenty years ago)


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