Digital Audio & Compact Disc Review

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...later consensed to "CD Review." Does anyone remember this awful magazine from the early days of CDs? When they reviewed albums they gave them two numerical ratings, one for the quality of the music, the other for the quality of the sound. So something like Brothers in Arms would get a "7/10" rating, because it was "DDD" and had no tape hiss. I used to subscribe to it, this would have been about '84 or '85. I think I might have had the first issue, even. What I remember best is their coverage of the first Beatles reissues on CD.

No question, really, I just want to make sure I didn't hallucinate this magazine. I've never heard anyone mention it in any context, ever, though it seemed to have pretty good circulation.

Mark, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

They also had Rod McKuen reviewing the first wave of Sinatra CD reissues, as I recall.

Mark, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Suddenly the fact that I'm supposedly "Generation Y" seems very significant.

Tim, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Here's a quote from a review of Suzanne Vega's Solitude Standing:

"Sound quality is very good but not ideal. Producers Steve Addabbo and Lenny Kaye decided to record and mix this release on analog equipment, and it shows slightly in the sharp-edged sound and the (very minimal) tape hiss. Also, Vega's breathy, close-miked voice may be disturbing if you listen on headphones (especially in the a cappella disc opener, "Tom's Diner"). When she sings "I will burn myself into your memory," she isn't kidding. But the overall sound serves the music well: the drums pack a punch; the guitars and keyboards sigh and mingle beautifully with Vega's voice."

So who else remembers this mag?

Mark, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

why is this a bad idea though? you'd squeak if the amplified cement mixer didn't "serve the song well", so why not discuss the clarity of reproduction? eg if it argued "digital recording serves amplified rock guitar very poorly", that would be both true and interesting, surely? (i know there is zero chance they evah DID say this...)

mark s, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I remember this mag's existence.

Is it any different to magazines that reviews DVDs by talking about the aspect ratio and 'extras'?

N., Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Is there an online version of this magazine? It sounds hilarious.

Lord Custos 2.0 beta, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

It's especially hilarious considering how absolutely crap digital audio was in 84-85. Vega's album sounds "sharp-edged" because it was recorded in analog?? Whatever, dude...

Sean, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

No, no online version that I could see. I pulled that review off of some fan page. It seems to have vanished into thin air. It's funny, Sean, I thought maybe you would remember it. You're about the right age & you have an interest in hi-fi.

Mark, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

The UK had something like this - rating for content, rating for sound quality. I was in hospital once and it was the only 'music' mag on the magazine trolley so I read it.

Tom, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I think this approach makes sense for certain types of music, e.g. classical. If you're looking for a good recording of, say, Mahler's 2nd Symphony, wouldn't you want to have at least some comment on the recording quality in the review?

o. nate, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Actually, I think that comments re sound quality in a hifi magazine's music reviews are perfectly reasonable. What's funny to me is what some of these older reviews looked for and how they described it.

Sean, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I remember reading a review of Bitches Brew in that magazine. If I recall correctly, it gave it a 3/10 for music, 1/10 for sound, using phrases like "muddled and murky", "Miles' horn is drowned out by a sea of sidemen", etc., etc., etc. I was interested in Miles at that point (age 11-12) but hadn't heard the album, so I was a bit put off. Of course, once I heard it (a year or two later) and loved it, I realized how clueless the reviewer was and wanted to track him down and shake him by the shoulders: "'Murky'?...That...was...the...fucking...point!...you...dipshit..."

Phil, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

if it argued "digital recording serves amplified rock guitar very poorly", that would be both true and interesting, surely?

You've alluded to this before Mark - I'd love you to expand.

Is it in the sense that the saturation characteristics of magnetic tape are as essential to amp'ed geetar sound as the soft overload nature of the vacuum tubes in the amp itself? Or summat else?

You're certainly not alone in this view; I'm just kinda interested what underpins it in your case.

Michael Jones, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

HiFi News (a uk magazine) still does this.

paul barclay, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

i've got a xerox of a neil young/greil marcus interview somewhere where young goes into it in detail, and albini is also hostile (hmmm my case totters before it begins?): it's something to do with the minimum "pixel" size of the soundbites, which over-granulates or renders too clumsily gridlike the cloudform of the guitar soundshape (to be more picturesque than technical); young says that if philips hadn't been in such a hurry to bring CDs onto the market, they'd have been able to code the dots much smaller, making reproduction of cloud-forms much more exact

by ear, the CD of metal machine music (which is basically a process-music form of guitar feedback) sounds NOTHING LIKE the version on vinyl

(probably a better analogy is digital colour repro, but i always switch off when the designer of the mag i work at starts talking to the scanning house about it: basically the scan people would only be able to guarantee an accurate scan if they pushed the dpi up SO HIGH that the sun was sucked out of orbit...)

mark s, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

mark s--i think the reason folks find the idea of the mag hilarious/preposterous is exemplified by the Bitches Brew rev: that album is supposed to sound that way, but the single-minded "quality audio" folk miss the point. at least it's why I find it funny.

M Matos, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

yes i know that, really — but if they'd actually seriously been reviewing sound clarity (or lack of it) as a distinct element in the expressive matrix, that would be pretty interesting (to pick up on n's point, it'd be like reviewing a DVD with ref.to the colour spectrum stats... viz THE WORST DAY OF MY LIFE is a Chinese policier; predominantly the screen seems blue, which serves the film well 8/6)

mark s, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

if philips hadn't been in such a hurry to bring CDs onto the market, they'd have been able to code the dots much smaller, making reproduction of cloud-forms much more exact

This is pretty much true.

Sean, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

i've got a xerox of a neil young/greil marcus interview somewhere where young goes into it in detail, and albini is also hostile (hmmm my case totters before it begins?)

It's not looking good so far...

it's something to do with the minimum "pixel" size of the soundbites, which over-granulates or renders too clumsily gridlike the cloudform of the guitar soundshape (to be more picturesque than technical); young says that if philips hadn't been in such a hurry to bring CDs onto the market, they'd have been able to code the dots much smaller, making reproduction of cloud-forms much more exact by ear

How disappointing - just the ol' not-enough-resolution thing. There was a great post (to which *I* responded, but didn't do the thing justice) from you on an old thread on this topic, where you scampered into areas of pointillism and home reproduction and complementary resonances and whatnot, which I thought was dead interesting and an avenue worth pursuing wrt 'why digital isn't any good for *guitar rock*'. Maybe it was just a paraphrase of Young'n'Albini, I dunno.

Thing is, with the resolution angle, 16-bit/44.1k sampling gets you a pretty fabulous level of achievable fidelity (everything captured below 20kHz, 90dB+ dynamic range) and is, I think, still perfectly fine as a delivery medium. On the *recording* side of things there are issues with using 'only' 16 bits, chiefly to do with available headroom, accumulated truncation errors from gain-shifts and this, coupled with hardware which was barely capable of the advertised bit- depth anyway, probably made for some pretty nasty mid-80s DDD recordings. Factor in the probability that a lot of established engineers were really struggling to use this gear to its best advantage (digital being pretty counterintuitive if you've spent 20 years using analogue) too.

Young's point about 'pixellation' would stand up better if yr classical tonmeisters of the period were screaming blue murder about the abominations of digital too, but I don't think they were. Isn't massed strings/horns/natural reverb tails of hall acoustics 'cloud- form' too? Quantisation noise comes into the picture at very low levels - something that would vex the orchestral bods with their huge dynamic ranges, yes?

Seems to me like the lack of euphonic distortion engendered by 2" tape (or a tube-based analogue desk) being pushed deep into the red is what's missing here, not necessarily some fundamental lack of resolution in digital.

the CD of metal machine music (which is basically a process-music form of guitar feedback) sounds NOTHING LIKE the version on vinyl

*Entirely* different mastering/playback processes. CD version has the potential to be closer replica of master tape than the vinyl LP, but vinyl replay *could be part of the intended repro chain for this piece of art*.

Michael Jones, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

let's chase that old post down, then!! i agree it sounds more fun!! i wasn't esp.making a big clever point upthread when i first responded

someone - adam skeaping? — explained to me the reason why it's more of a problem for LOUD cloudform (where a lot of the acoustic phenomena are happening IN THE ROOM, rather than in the amp) than eg orchestral cloudform, where the decay of sound once in the air isn't enough to set the partials dancing (jeeps maybe it was glenn branca?) (or phill niblock?) (memory = fukt, i am so OLD michael)

also the balancing payoff of the useable silence in digital recording, compared to noisy old analogue with its bad tail-down-to-nothing?

mark s, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

let's chase that old post down, then!!

Using Greenspun search for 'granularity' and 'pixellation' not much fun when there's a bloody great photography forum on LUSENET... Will try again tomorrow...

the reason why it's more of a problem for LOUD cloudform (where a lot of the acoustic phenomena are happening IN THE ROOM, rather than in the amp) than eg orchestral cloudform, where the decay of sound once in the air isn't enough to set the partials dancing

Hmmm, interesting. But once you've got that mad high-SPL soundfield thing going on and presuming you can capture it satisfactorily at the microphone, what role does the transcribing medium then play in the degree of fidelity recorded? What's peculiar about the waveforms running back into the desk that a sampling medium fails where a continuously-varying medium (both supposedly of comparable resolution) succeeds? Aperiodicity?

also the balancing payoff of the useable silence in digital recording, compared to noisy old analogue with its bad tail-down-to- nothing?

But digital-with-dither (i.e. practically all digital recordings since late 80s - it's a fundamental part of the system now) is, ahem, analogous to analogue in its decay characteristics: you can perceive material beneath the noise-floor (if master is >16-bit) and it tails off into a kind of hiss.

I do recall an article/thinkpiece in The Wire (prob after yr tenure as Mr Ed) slating digital as an archival medium (might be available on the web-site); there was some bizarro theorizing in that (and poss some daft wildly-wrong techie stuff).

But now I must go to bed...

Michael Jones, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

What's peculiar about the waveforms running back into the desk that a sampling medium fails where a continuously-varying medium (both supposedly of comparable resolution) succeeds?

Dunno. I don't know what most of the techical terms cited mean either (ok that's kind of a lie). I do know what music sounds like though. A CD does indeed sound something like music. Not enough though. I know what sounds more like music, but don't really care who agrees with me. I can prove it to my own ears at least, without resorting to a single techical term either.

Sean, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I misspelled technical twice, but that's a technicality.

Sean, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

"Music gets more interesting the better the reproduction of music gets. The CD is the beginning of what's possible in music" - Phill Niblock to Mark Sinker, 1994.

So we can cross him off then.

Sean: I'm really not out to convince anybody. I don't have to 'resort' to technical terms to express what sounds like music to me either. I do have to resort to technical terms to try and grasp the mechanics of what's happening here. You're not alone in thinking digital doesn't quite cut it wrt musical reproduction; not being convinced that it's due to a lack of captured information (and not being convinced that analogue-adherents are just cranks either), I want to better understand what might be going on (psycho)acoustically.

Michael Jones, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Since my first misspelt post doesnt seem to be showing here is another mispelt one. 1) To search IL* lookie lookie here
2)CDs also have a lower level limit, but I cant remeber what it is these days, 20 or 10 Hz, which well better then casette doesnt reach the South Park advertised Brown Note.

Mr Noodles, Monday, 20 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

1) To search IL* lookie lookie here

That's what I used - but it's still just Google restricted to greenspun.com. Funnily enough *this* time, the first returned article was me banging on about DVD being crap 18 months ago in ILM.

2)CDs also have a lower level limit, but I cant remeber what it is these days, 20 or 10 Hz, which well better then casette doesnt reach the South Park advertised Brown Note.

Usually advertised as 20Hz, but I'm really not sure where this comes from - whether it's just to tally with the oft-quoted human hearing range (20-20k), or whether there's genuinely sub-sonic filtering going on at the encoding or playback stages. In *theory* you can go as low as you like. Surely someone out there has encoded an 8Hz tone in a WAV file and written it to CD-R? Just need to find some speakers that will play that back...

Michael Jones, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

the other (non-Google) search is here.

did this magazine ever review 'Loveless'?

michael, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Aargh. Should be ok now though?

Michael Jones, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

If anyone stumbles across an archive of these reviews, let me know. I'd really be interested in how they come up with a 1/10 rating for Bitches Brew.

Lord Custos 2.0 beta, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

A HREF="http://www.ilxor.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg.tcl?msg_id=005 Q9Q">The thread.

If you want to strip out other LOSERNET groups, just add "love music" to your site:greenspun.com sear

N., Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Triple arrgh!

Fifth time lucky

N., Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

You're worse than me, Nick. I think we should be banned from this forum.

Michael Jones, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

In the mid-80's and even later, lots of CD re-issues of rock (and jazz) albums came out that did sound quite inferior to the vinyl originals - and this could be where the idea got started that digital wasn't conducive to guitar rock. But I think that it was more a matter of poor mastering. (E.g., compare the regular CD version of Monk's Music to the limited edition 20-bit remaster - huge difference in warmth and fullness of sound.) Another issue could be that at the time CD's first came out, stereo equipment had been designed with vinyl as the primary sound source, and a lot of decisions that went into speaker/amplifier design were influenced by what made vinyl sources sound good. Now that CD's have become established as the de facto sound source, stereo design has probably shifted to accomodate them. Lastly, guitar rock usually sounds best when the bass end of the spectrum (where the bass and drums live) is emphasized more than the high treble end (which is mainly the domain of crashing cymbals and feedback) - vinyl's lack of high-resolution at the high-frequency end of the spectrum can be a blessing in disguise in the playback of guitar rock. The very clarity of CD's at the high end can make rock recordings sound harsh.

o. nate, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I'm reminded of a terrific audiophile anecdote. A man seriously into hi-fi used to get his like-minded friend to come round and judge the latest tweaks to his setup. Exasperated by his friend's constant criticisms, he hit on the idea of inviting a professional violinist round to play and have his friend do a blind listening. Sure enough, the friend found fault, saying that the sound was impressive uncomfortable to listen to as the violin sounded unnaturally shrill. The violinist walked in from behind the screen still playing, to the friend's red face etc.

Mike's point about vinyl being part of the intended repro chain is an important one. Maybe people just like the colouration that vinyl provides. Sod fidelity.

n., Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

or whether there's genuinely sub-sonic filtering going on at the encoding or playback stages.
Well in cds you can't go as low as you like due to the amount of data that they use. The data is encoded from a fixed point with the idea that no one can hear past a certain resolution so you get 16 bits of data representing between 20 and 20,000hz. I have it in one of my text books but they're in storage, whats even cooler and geekier is how they decided to do cdrom FATs.
Im geeking out again.

Mr Noodles, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

The data is encoded from a fixed point with the idea that no one can hear past a certain resolution so you get 16 bits of data representing between 20 and 20,000hz

This is not technically correct. It's the frequency of the digital signal that limits the frequency response of the audio signal - not the bit resolution. CD's are 44KHz - therefore the maximum frequency they can represent is half that: 22 KHz. There is no theoretical minimum frequency.

o. nate, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Well in cds you can't go as low as you like due to the amount of data that they use. The data is encoded from a fixed point with the idea that no one can hear past a certain resolution so you get 16 bits of data representing between 20 and 20,000hz.

Bit-depth has nothing to do with frequency range. Sampling rate defines that and only really the upper limit. 20-20k is quoted as the flat (or flat within +/- some fraction of a dB) area of CD's response. There's a decaying response above 20kHz (to the absolute limit of 22.05kHz), and, I imagine, some facility for capturing sub- sonix too.

STOP PRESS: I've just decided to test this - generating a WAV file containing 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40Hz sine-waves of fixed amplitude in SoundForge and writing it to CD-R. First three parts did worrying stuff to my speakers, 20Hz inaudible (but again visible on the speaker cones), 40Hz audible and very, very low. Ripping the audio CD-R back into SF (or Cool Edit) shows the LF sines perfectly* captured. Now, whether any A/D converters (or microphones or mixing desks) go down this far is another matter, but CD certainly does.

(* - well some side-bands actually, at around -105dB, but they were in the original).

Now I have an overwhelming urge to visit the bathroom. Coincidence?

Michael Jones, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I believe it's standard practice when mastering to filter out anything below 20 hz because, although those frequencies are inaudible on most systems, they still (as you proved) get encoded and therefore can limit the perceived loudness.

David, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

(Michael J never came back from the bathroom, should we be worried?)

mark s, Tuesday, 21 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I'm three stone lighter and everything sounds *really* tinny now.

(I'm sure David above is correkt abt filtering at mastering stage).

Michael Jones, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

In a somewhat related note, does anyone here have a SACD player? How do you like it? (Maybe this should be a separate thread.)

o. nate, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I wish people would ask themselves what sounds like music and stop worring about these technical specs! I can repeat this 'til I'm blue in the face and it won't make a bit of difference.

Sean, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

What is "worring"?

o. nate, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Sorry if you find all the technical stuff tedious and obfuscatory, Sean, but I thought that was the best approach to tackle the questions raised by Mark S.

If someone suggests that a particular recording system is inherently bad at something, then I think it helps to first examine what we know as the hard limits of that system (and try to determine the qualities of this thing it does badly in similar terms) and go from there. Hence all the rubbish above.

Michael Jones, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

sorry sean: but i am completely obsessed with the secret unspoken legislating effect of technology and technique and craft-rules on music, esp. when at odds with the ideology and rhetoric of this or that art movement within => why i sort of defended this silly mag in the first place is that (unlike a lot of RockThink, on ILM and in the world), it considers the thing everyone's actually making — a record — to be the thing everyone's making, not just some weird distracting accidental adjunct

eg they have A MATERIALIST ANALYSIS (albeit a v.silly and wrongheaded one), and it better to note the murkiness of the recording and denounce it, foolishly, than to ignore it and try and listen to some idea of the music as it SHOULD have been in the Magical World of Perfect Machinery, except you can't actually hear it

If machines were perfect there would be no music: discuss

mark s, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Mark, you may have misunderstood my point, which is not that a hifi magazine should forget about technical issues and just enjoy the music, but they are reviewing the gear based on technical specs and not how well it actually reproduces music. Music isn't just data, it's, er, music, and those who rate hifi gear with a pile of numbers are really missing the point. Most of them refuse to believe there is another point. Some of them even get angry.

What you had to say was more interesting, though. I just wish you wouldn't use so many difficult words. :)

Sean, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Oh, and if machines were perfect there would still be music, just not any more hifi magazines. One can only wish.

Sean, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

This is not technically correct. It's the frequency of the digital signal that limits the frequency response of the audio signal - not the bit resolution. CD's are 44KHz - therefore the maximum frequency they can represent is half that: 22 KHz. There is no theoretical minimum frequency.

Theoretically, yes. But actually producing electronics capable of converting digital data to the exact analog signal it's meant to represent is very very hard. There are all sorts of analog filters required that can knock out (or seriously interfere with) the process.

Graham, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

they are reviewing the gear based on technical specs and not how well it actually reproduces music. Music isn't just data, it's, er, music, and those who rate hifi gear with a pile of numbers are really missing the point.

I'm a bit confused now. I didn't think we were discussing hi- fi magazines and their propensity for favouring scatterplots and oscilloscope traces over subjective impressions, I thought the original post was to do with a audio-cum-music review mag and its non-technical descriptions of perceived recording quality.

Furthermore, I can't, offhand, think of any hi-fi mags which take the approach you decry - they're all about two-page single-unit reviews with loads of rhapsodic, impressionistic stuff about musical textures and whatnot. Maybe 25 years ago it was white lab-coats and graphs but not thesedays.

Michael Jones, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I'm confused too. It must have been all that technical jargon. You're right, the serious hifi magazines do focus on subjective reviews. I guess it's just that while I do own costly hifi gear, I'm not a hifi enthusiast, or hobbyist or whatever, and get bored talking about it. I'll stay out of the discussion. Until the next one!

Sean, Wednesday, 22 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Thats it Im looking up in the attic for my notes on the limitations of cdroms as media. The lower limit has nothing to do with the Nyquist limit Im well away of. But Im shocked and dismayed at myself right now.

Mr Noodles, Thursday, 23 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

The other problem with the arguments here re: frequency is that yes 44.1KHz can represent waveforms for all audible frequencies, but that doesn't mean it records them in enough detail.

Graham, Thursday, 23 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Not recording waveforms with enough detail? Well, in the time domain, as you've suggested, if we bandwidth-limit we don't miss anything 'cos the waveforms can't be any other shape than that predicted by the samples. In the amplitude domain, we're limited to a particular number of discrete levels by the bit-depth (16-bit = 2^16 = 65536), so there's quantisation noise. But analogue systems have noise too, and if the noise is sufficiently great as a proportion of the signal, there's an inherent limit in the number of levels that can be described there too.

The difference with digital is that the quantisation error can effectively be eliminated by a non-linearisation of the quantising process: dither. Noise in analogue systems can't really be dealt with in the same way - timebase errors cannot be detected and solved, voltage errors remain undetected. And that noise accumulates from generation to generation.

So it's not really an issue of resolution (especially not with 24-bit being the standard now [and my issues with 16-bit are, as stated previously, more in the recording/editing/processing area). But maybe tape/vinyl *sounds* a whole lot better for overdriven guitars.

Michael Jones, Friday, 24 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

But maybe tape/vinyl *sounds* a whole lot better for overdriven guitars.

It's down to personal preference. I remember reading an interview with some famous rock producer (can't recall who) who said he used analog 24 track for the basic tracks (because he liked the sound of the tape-saturation on the drums) but preferred digital for the guitars.

David, Friday, 24 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Well, in the time domain, as you've suggested, if we bandwidth-limit we don't miss anything 'cos the waveforms can't be any other shape than that predicted by the samples. In the amplitude domain, we're limited to a particular number of discrete levels by the bit-depth (16-bit = 2^16 = 65536), so there's quantisation noise.

These are my two favourite sentences ever written in the English language*


* They are trumped by several Portuguese on

N., Friday, 24 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

Not sure if anyone remembers this, but in the mid-80s Stereo Review suddenly decided that CD reproduction was perfect, and that there was no point evaluating new CD players for sound quality, since even the "experts" couldn't tell a cheap one from a good one (they did a few double-blind studies to test this.) For a short while afterward, whenever they reviewed a new CD player they would talk about its programability, features, interface design, etc. and then throw in something about "all CD players sound the same, so we didn't bother evaluating the sound." Not sure if they changed course on this later, as I stopped reading Hi-Fi mags around this time.

Mark, Friday, 24 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)

I can't really comment on Stereo Review, but I think most British magazines started to move in the *other* direction around the same time, perhaps as a reaction against this dogma. You will *never* see any kind of admission in the European home-audio press that maybe the differences between hi-fi components (especially CD players, solid- state amps and cables, above a certain competent level of performance) have been exaggerated a little bit over the years.

The arguments over audible differences rage on of course (in Usenet at least; I think the audio press ignores the debate entirely) - the validity of the double-blind testing protocol being a particular bone of contention. It's a nasty business.

The 'no differences' line is a bit daft (especially at *that* point in the history of CD replay), but it may be a bit closer to the truth than the hyperbole of the Brit publications.

Michael Jones, Friday, 24 May 2002 00:00 (twenty-three years ago)


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