CD PRICES: Did they ever become as affordable as the vinyl/cassettes they replaced? Why?/Why not?

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When CDs arrived in the mid-80's, they were priced at something like 50% more than vinyl and cassettes (I'm avoiding specific currencies here, but I doubt I'm way off, eg. this old Negativland article). In less cynical moments we assumed that the newness of the technology and higher pressing costs for the shiny little disks made this acceptable. And after all, they would get more affordable as they moved beyond the domain of the curious audiophile, and the manufacturing costs of larger CD pressings would become comparable to vinyl.

Now an entire generation has apparently grown up knowing only the inflated (?) CD price. And the alternative formats, when they arise, are manufactured largely as exotica (and are often at least as costly as CDs). As it is, I can scarcely imagine ever again buying a full-price CD!!

So my question is a perennial favourite: are CDs are less affordable than older formats were? And if so, how has this been successfully rationalised?

I can't see that this has been addressed directly, but there is also:
The Pricing Gap: Do CD prices elsewhere POUND your pocketbook into submission?
When CDs are priced down in HMV sales, whose cut of the proceeds is reduced / zeroed?
UMVD price "decreases"

Nag! Nag! Nag! (Nag! Nag! Nag!), Monday, 18 April 2005 22:54 (twenty years ago)

At least here, there has been less inflation in CD prices than in most other prices, so I guess that can be taken as some kind of evidence that CDs have been more priced like cassettes and vinyl.

However, Norway may not be a typical example, as 20 years ago, an album or cassette would usually cost about twice as much in Norway than in the UK, while today, it is indeed more expensive in the UK than here.

Geir Hongro (GeirHong), Monday, 18 April 2005 22:57 (twenty years ago)

I dunno. Chart CDs in Britain go for about £9 now, which, taking inflation into account, is probably cheaper than the £7 or so I used to pay for LPs in the late 80s.

Alba (Alba), Monday, 18 April 2005 22:58 (twenty years ago)

(that was in reply to the original question, not Geir, btw)

Alba (Alba), Monday, 18 April 2005 22:59 (twenty years ago)

I agree that back catalogue prices in record stores are still far too expensive, though. Basically, there seems to be a much wider spread of prices now. I guess they wised up to pricing policy marketing tactics. In the past, things were a lot more uniform.

Alba (Alba), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:01 (twenty years ago)

Here there is still this huge difference between shops. I still don't understand why people are willing to pay 199 kroner (about 20 £) for a when they may get it for 99 kroner at the Platekompaniet store across the street.

Geir Hongro (GeirHong), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:04 (twenty years ago)

Yeah, the reduced price of (some) back catalogue stuff has probably played some part in broadening my tastes! [and it is of course possible that I have just become more of a cheapskate over time]

Nag! Nag! Nag! (Nag! Nag! Nag!), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:14 (twenty years ago)

By 'back catalogue' above, I was actually talking about things that are no longer (or perhaps never were) in the chart, but which haven't been placed in one of the sales or on permanent mid-price by the record company. They can still cost as much as 16 quid in HMV et al. But yeah, the Nice Price oldie thing is part of the whole spread too.

Alba (Alba), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:18 (twenty years ago)

The RIAA seems to believe so:

Clearly there are many costs associated with producing a CD, and despite these costs the price of recorded music to consumers has fallen dramatically since CDs were first introduced in 1983. Between 1983 and 1996, the average price of a CD fell by more than 40%. Over this same period of time, consumer prices (measured by the Consumer Price Index, or CPI) rose nearly 60%. If CD prices had risen at the same rate as consumer prices over this period, the average retail price of a CD in 1996 would have been $33.86 instead of $12.75.

Also, according to this in USA today:

These are typical list prices for albums or CDs at each decade's midpoint, and the prices in 2002 dollars
Decade > Cost > 2002 value
1960s > $4.98 > $27.22
1970s > $7.98 > $19.47
1980s > $12.98 > $20.97
1990s > $15.98 > $18.04
2002 > $18.98 > $18.98

You many also wish to consult, an inflation calculator (US $) for help in figuring this out.

john'n'chicago, Monday, 18 April 2005 23:20 (twenty years ago)

I know it costs less to make a CD than it does a cassette tape. Yet, they still make cassette tapes and they sell them for $3.99!

Rocker For Light (on a Bad Brains kick) (Eleventy-Twelve), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:32 (twenty years ago)

Then there's this:

While the RIAA does not collect information on the specific costs that make up the price of a CD, there are many factors that go into the overall cost of a CD -- and the plastic it's pressed on, is among the least significant.

"not collecting that information" = "manufacturing costs have plummeted so much that if we reported it here, you wouldn't both reading the rest of the boo-hoo'ing in this article"

Computer manufacturing costs have plummeted too, while computers continue to get better -- and cheaper. You don't hear the computer industry complaining about this.

MindInRewind (Barry Bruner), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:35 (twenty years ago)

John is right. CDs are more affordable now compared to the mid-80s, if you make that judgement based on MSRP and inflation. You can use a calculator like this to see that a $5.99 lp in 1978 would be priced $18.25 today. (Wasn't it Tom Petty who wanted to title his album $4.99 so that they would have to price it that way?)

Certainly, when CDs were released in the mid-80s the price almost certainly reflected a manufacturing premium of sorts due to the new technology, but I would submit that the most significant aspect of a $17.99 price point (or whatever it was, I can't remember any more) was the market premium. CDs were positioned as highly superior technology, more convenient, no snap-crackle-pop, etc. And once the format became dominant and efficiencies of scale were realized, the pricing premium dwindled. It's much cheaper to manufacture a CD but it's still very expensive to market a CD, and that's where the MSRP comes from. Despite fluctuations and occasional opportunistic pricing over the past 20 years, the average MSRP has fallen in real dollars due mainly to competition.

don weiner, Monday, 18 April 2005 23:36 (twenty years ago)

to take Best Buy as an indicator, your average cd used to cost 11.99 to 12.99, right around the time I started college I think, which was '96. Now the avg price there is 14.99 to 15.99, innit?

()ops (()()ps), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:37 (twenty years ago)

correcting my post :

you wouldn't *bother* reading

MindInRewind (Barry Bruner), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:43 (twenty years ago)

These are typical list prices for albums or CDs at each decade's midpoint, and the prices in 2002 dollars
Decade > Cost > 2002 value
1960s > $4.98 > $27.22
1970s > $7.98 > $19.47
1980s > $12.98 > $20.97
1990s > $15.98 > $18.04
2002 > $18.98 > $18.98

.. If you shopped at fucking Camelot.

dave225 (Dave225), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:47 (twenty years ago)

The raison d'etre behind the entire CD/vinyl switchroo in 1990-91 was the price increase. from Playback:

"Even as the manufacturing costs of CDs equalled and eventually fell below the cost of making records, their retail price stayed the same. Overall growth slowed in the music business during the early 90s but profits were high because CDs cost more. The reissue phenomenon further fueled this prosperity; catalogue sales blossomed as consumers replaced their scratched-up vinyl with crisp, clead CD reissues. Eventually, this bear market had to fade; as the box-set memorials multiplied, record company vaults were plunderd.
...yet the reissue boom created a backlash in a sizable group of wary, cynical customers who were in no hurry to replace their "permanent" CD collections with yet another generation of software. The latest format war ended in short-term victory for the msuic business, but companies paid a long-term price for their profits."

m coleman (lovebug starski), Monday, 18 April 2005 23:48 (twenty years ago)

According to that inflation calculator, the used market is much worse than it used to be. I used to regularly buy used LP's in the mid-80s for $2.99-$3.99 (the latter was pretty much the most I would pay). Hard to find good used cd's for $5.31-$7.08--in fact, $6.99 is about the least I'm able to find a used cd for. Of course cd's are a bit more resilient than vinyl; that could by itself account for the difference.

These Robust Cookies (Robust Cookies), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 05:18 (twenty years ago)

Judging by the old retail price tags that are occasionally still stuck on LPs that I've bought second hand, reocrds seem to have been far more expensive than CDs. I have Donna Summer's "On the Radio" album, and it's marked $9! It was a double album, but still! There are also so many other ways to get music these days, that the overall cost has to be far less.

Chris H. (chrisherbert), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 06:16 (twenty years ago)

Another thing to take into account: avg duration of 2005 cd > avg duration of 1985 lp.

OleM (OleM), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 06:33 (twenty years ago)

Allow me to translate the blurb from Playback:

Overall growth slowed in the music business during the early 90s but profits were high because CDs cost more.

The economy was in a recession. In the meantime, the industry discovered that there was money to be made in CD's by selling people's music collections to them a second time, lower manufacturing costs compared to vinyl, and the "OOOOH look, fancy new technology -- and it's shiny!" price markup.

catalogue sales blossomed as consumers replaced their scratched-up vinyl with crisp, clead CD reissues ...

... that still sounded worse than scratched-up vinyl, but hey no problem, that's more money to be made via remastered editions somewhere down the line.

The latest format war ended in short-term victory for the msuic business, but companies paid a long-term price for their profits

Eventually, companies could no longer convince anyone that CD's needed to cost $25 once everyone and their brother had a CD burner and saw for themselves how cheap and easy it was to make them. So they had to get used to doing without the profits they'd been gouging people on for years.

MindInRewind (Barry Bruner), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 06:39 (twenty years ago)

Again, the overall point is yes, CD's are finally becoming as affordable as the vinyl/cassettes they replaced because the industry has finally lowered prices somewhat to account for the enormous reduction in manufacturing costs.

MindInRewind (Barry Bruner), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 06:41 (twenty years ago)

Does anyone remember that class action lawsuit a couple of years ago where the record labels were accused of price fixing with record shops? I wish I could recall the details now...you could sign up to get a piece of the settlement money but the most you could possibly get out of it was like $20 US, it hardly seemed worth it.

The Silent Disco of Glastonbury (Bimble...), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 06:51 (twenty years ago)

$13.86 US. The companies were also required to donate over five-million cd's to educational programs. Our local library received about a hundred. It looks like they just cleaned out their warehouses, though - five copies of the same Celine Dion cd, George Winston, holiday compilations, showtunes...

Captain Entropy (Captain Entropy), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 07:11 (twenty years ago)

Ha ha! Yes, exactly. Glad someone can confirm my memories on that, thanks.

The Silent Disco of Glastonbury (Bimble...), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 07:20 (twenty years ago)

Okay, if the CD price is currently comparable to or better than a theoretical "vinyl price in today's money" (ie. vinyl price around the turn of the 90's + 15 years of inflation), then I suspect the intersection of those two trajectories must have occurred pretty recently.

It does indeed seem that the further increase in CD prices in many territories has been modest, and probably less than inflation for much of that time (inflationary effects being largely offset by declining production costs). So if we assume, on the other hand, that the 'frozen' vinyl price projected forward should more closely reflect the inflation rate, I guess it finally catches up a decade later!?

In other words, we were being ripped off at various points throughout the 90's, but much less so now. Right?

Nag! Nag! Nag! (Nag! Nag! Nag!), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 07:59 (twenty years ago)

Universal announced an across-the-board CD price cut in 2003 but it never really took off because retailers got stuck w/the losses.

If basic prerecorded CDs are comparatively cheaper now (adjusted for inflation) the record companies aren't finished trying to re-sell their catalogues at premium prices. The Super Audio CD and DVD-Audio formats have been non-starters so far -- fewer SACDs sold than vinyl records in 2004. The latest scam is CD/DVD double-discs, we'll see.

Mind in Rewind's translation = 100% OTM. What I was trying to say.

m coleman (lovebug starski), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 09:24 (twenty years ago)

haven't CD prices been going down (adjusting for inflation)? or did they go on for a while and then go up again?

certainly there are a lot of new "hot" CDs which retail for $10, which you never saw 5/6/7 years ago.

in my mind the reasonable price for a CD still hovers around $8/9. which is ridiculous, i know; and it means my tastes have shifted because i end up buying lot of used jazz and classical cds at those amounts.

Amateur(ist) (Amateur(ist)), Tuesday, 19 April 2005 22:14 (twenty years ago)

four years pass...

The download seems like the better deal here. Maybe the liner notes are worth it.

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B002CQUDPW/ref=snp_dp

bendy, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 11:57 (sixteen years ago)

It was released June 10th 2009, and costs $950?! Wtf?!

Tuomas, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:03 (sixteen years ago)

ah but shipping is free

mild mental retardation (onimo), Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:22 (sixteen years ago)

Duke Ellington is gone off the internet because of you

DJ MARTIAN IS A KING AMONG MEN. Dan Perry, Tuesday, 15 January 2002 (DJ Mencap), Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:23 (sixteen years ago)

I think this is a reaction to the Radiohead thing. Finally someone is pricing music according to what it is worth. It's fucking Duke Ellington, man, he's a genius. Do you question when a Picasso is sold for $10 million?

Mark, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:35 (sixteen years ago)

Product Description
New York, March 1959 by Ellington, Duke

This product is manufactured on demand using CD-R recordable media. Amazon.com's standard return policy will apply.

!!!

I'd say go with the download.

Tuomas, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:37 (sixteen years ago)

Do you question when a Picasso is sold for $10 million?

yes

funky house sceptic system (Curt1s Stephens), Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:38 (sixteen years ago)

At least with Picasso you get the original and not a CD-R.

Tuomas, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:41 (sixteen years ago)

i just download Picassos for free

Hard House SugBanton (blueski), Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:46 (sixteen years ago)

people like you are killing the cubism industry

ledge, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 12:50 (sixteen years ago)

people like you are killing the cubism industry

Actual lolz

Lostandfound, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 18:31 (sixteen years ago)

I'm not going to revive the MM thread, but it's there.

Pleasant Plains, Wednesday, 24 June 2009 18:56 (sixteen years ago)

forks is on it

"jesus on the cross seems like classic homoerotic imagery" (omar little), Wednesday, 24 June 2009 19:01 (sixteen years ago)


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